{"id":25406,"date":"2024-02-21T14:40:50","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T13:40:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/qlinea.com\/?page_id=25406"},"modified":"2024-09-16T17:54:36","modified_gmt":"2024-09-16T15:54:36","slug":"sources","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/qlinea.com\/us\/sources\/","title":{"rendered":"Sources"},"content":{"rendered":"\r\n
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Sources<\/h1>\n

On this page we have gathered the references for all scientific information on the website. The sources are listed by webpage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n<\/section>\r\n\n\n\r\n

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Start page<\/h1>\n

$3.4 trillion in annual US GDP loss caused by AMR by 2050<\/strong><\/p>\n

The World Bank website. https:\/\/www.worldbank.org\/en\/topic\/health\/publication\/drug-resistant-infections-a-threat-to-our-economic-future<\/a><\/p>\n

1.7 million US adults develop sepsis every year\/ \u00a0270,000 US adults die from sepsis every year<\/strong><\/p>\n

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) website. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/sepsis\/what-is-sepsis.html<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Antimicrobial Resistance page<\/h1>\n

5 million global deaths are associated with AMR annually<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022 Feb 12;399(10325):629-655. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0<\/a>.<\/p>\n

10 million global deaths will be associated with AMR by 2050<\/strong><\/p>\n

O’Neill J. Review on Antimicrobial Resistance Antimicrobial Resistance: Tackling a crisis for the health and wealth of nations. London: Review on Antimicrobial Resistance; 2014. https:\/\/amr-review.org\/sites\/default\/files\/AMR%20Review%20Paper%20-%20Tackling%20a%20crisis%20for%20the%20health%20and%20wealth%20of%20nations_1.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n

1 in 5 deaths from AMR are children<\/strong><\/p>\n

Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators. Global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in 2019: a systematic analysis. Lancet. 2022 Feb 12;399(10325):629-655. doi: 10.1016\/S0140-6736(21)02724-0<\/a>.<\/p>\n

What is antimicrobial stewardship?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Promoting antimicrobial stewardship to tackle antimicrobial resistance, from the WHO: https:\/\/www.who.int\/europe\/activities\/promoting-antimicrobial-stewardship-to-tackle-antimicrobial-resistance<\/a><\/p>\n

Antimicrobial resistance infographic<\/strong><\/p>\n

Reygaert WC. An overview of the antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of bacteria. AIMS Microbiol. 2018 Jun 26;4(3):482-501. doi: 10.3934\/microbiol.2018.3.482<\/a>. PMID: 31294229; PMCID: PMC6604941.<\/p>\n

Antimicrobial stewardship (Swedish page)<\/strong><\/p>\n

Strama (Strategigruppen f\u00f6r rationell antibiotikaanv\u00e4ndning och minskad antibiotikaresistens)
\nRapport antimicrobial stewardship och antibiotikaronder vid svenska sjukhus Feb 2019<\/a><\/p>\n

Framtida v\u00e5rd (Swedish page)<\/strong><\/p>\n

“Snabb resistensbest\u00e4mning f\u00f6rkortar tiden till optimal behandling”. Se exempel fr\u00e5n presentationer p\u00e5 AMCLI-konferensen i Rimini, Italien , mars 2024.<\/p>\n

“Prospective interventional evaluation of the ASTar on 200 patient Gram-negative blood cultures”,\u00a0 se video<\/a><\/p>\n

“LIFETIMES: Risultati preliminari di uno studio multicentrico di Health Economics (English subtitles)”, se video<\/a><\/p>\n

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Sepsis page<\/h1>\n

The history of Sepsis with Homer and Hippocrates<\/strong><\/p>\n

Geroulanos, S., Douka, E.T. Historical perspective of the word \u201csepsis\u201d. Intensive Care Med 32, 2077 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00134-006-0392-2<\/a><\/p>\n

Sepsis is caused by an underlying infection causing hyperinflammation<\/strong><\/p>\n

Singer, M. et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315, 801-810 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org:10.1001\/jama.2016.0287<\/a><\/p>\n

40% of sepsis patients suffer long term effects<\/b><\/p>\n

Nutbeam T, Daniels R on behalf of the UK Sepsis Trust, The Sepsis Manual (AOMRC version). Available at sepsistrust.org\/professional-resources\/education-resources\/<\/a><\/p>\n

1\/3 of sepsis patients are re-hospitalized within 90 days from discharge<\/b><\/p>\n

Chang, D. W., Tseng, C. H. & Shapiro, M. F. Rehospitalizations Following Sepsis: Common and Costly. Crit Care Med 43, 2085-2093 (2015). https:\/\/doi.org:10.1097\/CCM.0000000000001159<\/a><\/p>\n

There are 50 million sepsis cases worldwide every year, 11 million deaths. Half of sepsis cases are children – equivalent to 2.9 million deaths<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rudd, K. E. et al.\u00a0Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990\u20132017: analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study. The Lancet 395, 200-211 (2020). https:\/\/doi. org:10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)32989-7<\/a><\/p>\n

$60 billion is spent in US hospitals every year for the treatment of sepsis<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sepsis Alliance. www.sepsis.org. 2024.<\/p>\n

$32,000 is the cost of sepsis per patient<\/strong><\/p>\n

Arefian, H. et al. Hospital-related cost of sepsis: A systematic review. J Infect 74, 107-117 (2017). https:\/\/doi. org:10.1016\/j.jinf.2016.11.006<\/a><\/p>\n

The incidence of sepsis rises by 13% every year<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gaieski, David F. MD1; Edwards, J. Matthew MD1; Kallan, Michael J. MS2; Carr, Brendan G. MD, MA, MS1,3. Benchmarking the Incidence and Mortality of Severe Sepsis in the United States*. Critical Care Medicine 41(5):p 1167-1174, May 2013. DOI: 10.1097\/CCM.0b013e31827c09f8<\/a><\/p>\n

Sepsis kills more people every year than cancer and aids combined<\/strong><\/p>\n

Our World in Data website. https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/cancer<\/a><\/p>\n

Our World in Data website. https:\/\/ourworldindata.org\/hiv-aids<\/a><\/p>\n

Sepsis is a time-sensitive condition that demands immediate attention. Mortality increases with delayed treatment<\/strong><\/p>\n

Kumar, A. et al. Duration of hypotension before initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is the critical determinant of survival in human septic shock. Crit Care Med 34, 1589-1596 (2006). https:\/\/doi.org:10.1097\/01.CCM.0000217961.75225.E9<\/a><\/p>\n

Septic shock mortality exceeds 40%<\/strong><\/p>\n

Singer, M. et al. The Third International Consensus Definitions for Sepsis and Septic Shock (Sepsis-3). JAMA 315, 801-810 (2016). https:\/\/doi.org:10.1001\/jama.2016.0287<\/a><\/p>\n

Timely treatment is needed when treating patients with sepsis and septic shock<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ferrer, R. et al. Empiric antibiotic treatment reduces mortality in severe sepsis and septic shock from the first hour: results from a guideline-based performance improvement program. Crit Care Med 42, 1749-1755 (2014). https:\/\/doi.org:10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000330<\/a><\/p>\n

Conventional AST methods take upwards of 48 hours<\/strong><\/p>\n

Gajic, I. et al. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Comprehensive Review of Currently Used Methods. Antibiotics (Basel) 11 (2022). https:\/\/doi.org:10.3390\/antibiotics11040427<\/a><\/p>\n

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